Although prosthetic joint infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis are rare, they may occur in immunocompromised patients or in people from regions where tuberculosis is endemic, researchers reported in a recent study.

A 4-month daily regimen of rifapentine and moxifloxacin was noninferior to the standard 6-month regimen for tuberculosis treatment among people with HIV enrolled in a phase 3 clinical trial, researchers reported at CROI.

In less than a year, scientists were able to develop several efficacious vaccines against COVID-19.

Self-administered isoniazid-rifapentine taken once weekly — a regimen called 3HP — was associated with higher treatment completion rates for latent tuberculosis infection compared with daily rifampin, according to a study.

Systematic treatment for tuberculosis was not superior to test-guided treatment in reducing mortality or invasive bacterial disease among immunosuppressed adults with HIV, according to findings in The New England Journal of Medicine.

Compared with medium-level alcohol use, very high use correlated with latent tuberculosis infection among adults with HIV in Uganda, according to a cross-sectional study in Clinical Infectious Diseases.

Tuberculosis among pregnant women in Ethiopia independently correlated with HIV infection and increasing age, which suggests that young women in the country are continuously exposed to, and infected with, contagious TB, according to findings in Clinical Infectious Diseases.

Rates of tuberculosis recurrence increased by almost ninefold between episode 2 and 5 regardless of HIV status, according to a study assessing recurrent tuberculosis in Cape Town, South Africa, over a 13-year period.

Low BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk for adverse treatment outcomes in patients with tuberculosis, although comorbid diabetes resulted in “unexpectedly” better outcomes for these patients, according to a study in a South Indian cohort.

Failure to respond to antibiotics may serve as a strong indicator of tuberculosis among people living with HIV who have symptoms of the disease, according to findings published in Open Forum Infectious Diseases.